feat: wire up schemas to llm prompt

public/app/features/expressions/components/SqlExpressions/GenAI/GenAISQLExplainButton.tsx

@@ -1,18 +1,20 @@
-import { useCallback } from 'react';
+import { useCallback, useMemo } from 'react';
 
 import { t } from '@grafana/i18n';
 
 import { GenAIButton } from '../../../../dashboard/components/GenAI/GenAIButton';
 import { EventTrackingSrc } from '../../../../dashboard/components/GenAI/tracking';
 import { Message, Role } from '../../../../dashboard/components/GenAI/utils';
+import { SQLSchemasResponse } from '../hooks/useSQLSchemas';
 
 import { getSQLExplanationSystemPrompt, QueryUsageContext } from './sqlPromptConfig';
+import { formatSchemasForPrompt } from './utils/formatSchemas';
 
 interface GenAISQLExplainButtonProps {
   currentQuery: string;
   onExplain: (explanation: string) => void;
   refIds: string[];
-  schemas?: unknown; // Reserved for future schema implementation
+  schemas?: SQLSchemasResponse | null;
   queryContext?: QueryUsageContext;
 }
 
@@ -33,20 +35,20 @@ Explain what this query does in simple terms.`;
  *
  * @param refIds - The list of RefIDs available in the current context
  * @param currentQuery - The current SQL query to explain
- * @param schemas - Optional schema information (planned for future implementation)
+ * @param formattedSchemas - Pre-formatted schema information string
  * @param queryContext - Optional query usage context
  * @returns A list of messages to be sent to the LLM for explaining the SQL query
  */
 const getSQLExplanationMessages = (
   refIds: string[],
   currentQuery: string,
-  schemas?: unknown,
+  formattedSchemas?: string,
   queryContext?: QueryUsageContext
 ): Message[] => {
   const systemPrompt = getSQLExplanationSystemPrompt({
     refIds: refIds.length > 0 ? refIds.join(', ') : 'A',
     currentQuery: currentQuery.trim() || 'No current query provided',
-    schemas, // Will be utilized once schema extraction is implemented
+    formattedSchemas,
     queryContext,
   });
 
@@ -69,11 +71,13 @@ export const GenAISQLExplainButton = ({
   onExplain,
   queryContext,
   refIds,
-  schemas, // Future implementation will use this for enhanced context
+  schemas,
 }: GenAISQLExplainButtonProps) => {
+  const formattedSchemas = useMemo(() => formatSchemasForPrompt(schemas), [schemas]);
+
   const messages = useCallback(() => {
-    return getSQLExplanationMessages(refIds, currentQuery, schemas, queryContext);
-  }, [refIds, currentQuery, schemas, queryContext]);
+    return getSQLExplanationMessages(refIds, currentQuery, formattedSchemas, queryContext);
+  }, [refIds, currentQuery, formattedSchemas, queryContext]);
 
   const hasQuery = currentQuery && currentQuery.trim() !== '';
 

public/app/features/expressions/components/SqlExpressions/GenAI/GenAISQLSuggestionsButton.tsx

@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
-import { useCallback } from 'react';
+import { useCallback, useMemo } from 'react';
 
 import { t } from '@grafana/i18n';
 
 import { GenAIButton } from '../../../../dashboard/components/GenAI/GenAIButton';
 import { EventTrackingSrc } from '../../../../dashboard/components/GenAI/tracking';
 import { Message, Role } from '../../../../dashboard/components/GenAI/utils';
+import { SQLSchemasResponse } from '../hooks/useSQLSchemas';
 
 import { getSQLSuggestionSystemPrompt, QueryUsageContext } from './sqlPromptConfig';
+import { formatSchemasForPrompt } from './utils/formatSchemas';
 
 interface GenAISQLSuggestionsButtonProps {
   currentQuery: string;
@@ -14,7 +16,7 @@ interface GenAISQLSuggestionsButtonProps {
   onHistoryUpdate?: (history: string[]) => void;
   refIds: string[];
   initialQuery: string;
-  schemas?: unknown; // Reserved for future schema implementation
+  schemas?: SQLSchemasResponse | null;
   errorContext?: string[];
   queryContext?: QueryUsageContext;
 }
@@ -41,15 +43,15 @@ const getContextualPrompts = (refIds: string[], currentQuery: string): string[]
  *
  * @param refIds - The list of RefIDs available in the current context
  * @param currentQuery - The current SQL query being edited
- * @param schemas - Optional schema information (planned for future implementation)
- * @param errorContext - Optional error context for targeted fixes (planned for future implementation)
+ * @param formattedSchemas - Pre-formatted schema information string
+ * @param errorContext - Optional error context for targeted fixes
  * @param queryContext - Optional query usage context
  * @returns A list of messages to be sent to the LLM for generating SQL suggestions
  */
 const getSQLSuggestionMessages = (
   refIds: string[],
   currentQuery: string,
-  schemas?: unknown,
+  formattedSchemas?: string,
   errorContext?: string[],
   queryContext?: QueryUsageContext
 ): Message[] => {
@@ -62,7 +64,7 @@ const getSQLSuggestionMessages = (
     refIds: refIds.length > 0 ? refIds.join(', ') : 'A',
     currentQuery: trimmedQuery || 'No current query provided',
     queryInstruction: queryInstruction,
-    schemas, // Will be utilized once schema extraction is implemented
+    formattedSchemas,
     errorContext,
     queryContext,
   });
@@ -88,13 +90,15 @@ export const GenAISQLSuggestionsButton = ({
   onHistoryUpdate,
   refIds,
   initialQuery,
-  schemas, // Future implementation will use this for enhanced context
+  schemas,
   errorContext,
   queryContext,
 }: GenAISQLSuggestionsButtonProps) => {
+  const formattedSchemas = useMemo(() => formatSchemasForPrompt(schemas), [schemas]);
+
   const messages = useCallback(() => {
-    return getSQLSuggestionMessages(refIds, currentQuery, schemas, errorContext, queryContext);
-  }, [refIds, currentQuery, schemas, errorContext, queryContext]);
+    return getSQLSuggestionMessages(refIds, currentQuery, formattedSchemas, errorContext, queryContext);
+  }, [refIds, currentQuery, formattedSchemas, errorContext, queryContext]);
 
   const text = !currentQuery || currentQuery === initialQuery ? 'Generate suggestion' : 'Improve query';
 

public/app/features/expressions/components/SqlExpressions/GenAI/sqlPromptConfig.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import { getSQLSuggestionSystemPrompt, QueryUsageContext } from './sqlPromptConfig';
+
+describe('getSQLSuggestionSystemPrompt', () => {
+  it('includes all context fields in generated prompt', () => {
+    const queryContext: QueryUsageContext = {
+      panelId: 'timeseries',
+      alerting: false,
+      dashboardContext: {
+        dashboardTitle: 'Production Metrics',
+        panelName: 'CPU Usage',
+      },
+      datasources: ['prometheus', 'postgres'],
+      totalRows: 5000,
+      requestTime: 250,
+      numberOfQueries: 3,
+    };
+
+    const result = getSQLSuggestionSystemPrompt({
+      refIds: 'A, B',
+      currentQuery: 'SELECT * FROM A',
+      queryInstruction: 'Focus on fixing the current query',
+      formattedSchemas: 'RefID A:\n  - time (TIMESTAMP, not null)\n  - value (FLOAT, nullable)',
+      errorContext: ['Syntax error near WHERE'],
+      queryContext,
+    });
+
+    expect(result).toContain('A, B');
+    expect(result).toContain('SELECT * FROM A');
+    expect(result).toContain('Focus on fixing the current query');
+    expect(result).toContain('time (TIMESTAMP, not null)');
+    expect(result).toContain('Syntax error near WHERE');
+    expect(result).toContain('Panel Type: timeseries');
+    expect(result).toContain('Dashboard: Production Metrics, Panel: CPU Usage');
+    expect(result).toContain('Datasources: prometheus, postgres');
+    expect(result).toContain('Total rows in the query: 5000');
+    expect(result).toContain('Request time: 250');
+    expect(result).toContain('Number of queries: 3');
+  });
+
+  it('formats multiple errors with newlines', () => {
+    const result = getSQLSuggestionSystemPrompt({
+      refIds: 'A',
+      currentQuery: 'SELECT * FROM A',
+      queryInstruction: 'Fix errors',
+      errorContext: ['Error 1: Syntax error', 'Error 2: Column not found'],
+    });
+
+    expect(result).toContain('Error 1: Syntax error');
+    expect(result).toContain('Error 2: Column not found');
+    expect(result).toContain('Error 1: Syntax error\nError 2: Column not found');
+  });
+});

public/app/features/expressions/components/SqlExpressions/GenAI/sqlPromptConfig.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,7 @@
 /**
  * Configuration file for SQL AI prompts used across expression components
- * NOTE: Schema and error context information integration is planned for future implementation
  */
 
-import { DataQuery } from '@grafana/schema';
-
 // Common SQL context information shared across all prompts
 const COMMON_SQL_CONTEXT = {
   engineInfo: 'MySQL dialectic based on dolthub go-mysql-server. The tables are all in memory',
@@ -17,15 +14,14 @@ const TEMPLATE_PLACEHOLDERS = {
   refIds: '{refIds}',
   currentQuery: '{currentQuery}',
   queryInstruction: '{queryInstruction}',
-  schemaInfo: '{schemaInfo}', // Note: Schema information will be implemented in future updates
-  errorContext: '{errorContext}', // Note: Error context will be implemented in future updates
+  schemaInfo: '{schemaInfo}',
+  errorContext: '{errorContext}',
   queryContext: '{queryContext}',
 } as const;
 
 export interface QueryUsageContext {
   panelId?: string;
   alerting?: boolean;
-  queries?: DataQuery[];
   dashboardContext?: {
     dashboardTitle?: string;
     panelName?: string;
@@ -34,7 +30,6 @@ export interface QueryUsageContext {
   totalRows?: number;
   requestTime?: number;
   numberOfQueries?: number;
-  seriesData?: unknown;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -58,8 +53,6 @@ ${TEMPLATE_PLACEHOLDERS.queryContext}
 
 Query instruction: ${TEMPLATE_PLACEHOLDERS.queryInstruction}
 
-You may be able to derive schema information from the series data in queryContext.
-
 Given the above data, help users with their SQL query by:
 - **PRIORITY: If there are errors listed above, focus on fixing them first**
 - Fixing syntax errors using available field and data type information
@@ -96,8 +89,7 @@ Explain SQL queries clearly and concisely, focusing on:
 - What data is being selected and from which RefIDs
 - How the data is being transformed or aggregated
 - The purpose and business meaning of the query using dashboard and panel name from query context if relevant
-- Performance implications and optimization opportunities. Database columns can not be indexed in context of Grafana sql expressions. Don't focus on 
-  performance unless the query context has a requestTime or totalRows that looks like it could benefit from it.
+- Performance implications and optimization opportunities. Database columns cannot be indexed in context of Grafana sql expressions. Don't focus on performance unless the query context has a requestTime or totalRows that looks like it could benefit from it.
 - Time series specific patterns and their significance
 
 Provide a clear explanation of what this SQL query does:`;
@@ -112,33 +104,19 @@ const generateQueryContext = (queryContext?: QueryUsageContext): string => {
 
   const contextParts = [];
   if (queryContext.panelId) {
-    contextParts.push(
-      `Panel Type: ${queryContext.panelId}. Please use this to generate suggestions that are relevant to the panel type.`
-    );
+    contextParts.push(`Panel Type: ${queryContext.panelId}`);
   }
   if (queryContext.alerting) {
-    contextParts.push(
-      'Context: Alerting rule (focus on boolean/threshold results). Please use this to generate suggestions that are relevant to the alerting rule.'
-    );
-  }
-  if (queryContext.queries) {
-    const queriesText = Array.isArray(queryContext.queries)
-      ? JSON.stringify(queryContext.queries, null, 2)
-      : String(queryContext.queries);
-    contextParts.push(`Queries available to use in the SQL Expression: ${queriesText}`);
+    contextParts.push('Context: Alerting rule (focus on boolean/threshold results)');
   }
   if (queryContext.dashboardContext) {
-    const dashboardText =
-      typeof queryContext.dashboardContext === 'object'
-        ? JSON.stringify(queryContext.dashboardContext, null, 2)
-        : String(queryContext.dashboardContext);
-    contextParts.push(`Dashboard context (dashboard title and panel name): ${dashboardText}`);
+    const { dashboardTitle, panelName } = queryContext.dashboardContext;
+    if (dashboardTitle || panelName) {
+      contextParts.push(`Dashboard: ${dashboardTitle || 'Unknown'}, Panel: ${panelName || 'Unknown'}`);
+    }
   }
-  if (queryContext.datasources) {
-    const datasourcesText = Array.isArray(queryContext.datasources)
-      ? JSON.stringify(queryContext.datasources, null, 2)
-      : String(queryContext.datasources);
-    contextParts.push(`Datasources available to use in the SQL Expression: ${datasourcesText}`);
+  if (queryContext.datasources && queryContext.datasources.length > 0) {
+    contextParts.push(`Datasources: ${queryContext.datasources.join(', ')}`);
   }
   if (queryContext.totalRows) {
     contextParts.push(`Total rows in the query: ${queryContext.totalRows}`);
@@ -149,13 +127,6 @@ const generateQueryContext = (queryContext?: QueryUsageContext): string => {
   if (queryContext.numberOfQueries) {
     contextParts.push(`Number of queries: ${queryContext.numberOfQueries}`);
   }
-  if (queryContext.seriesData) {
-    const seriesDataText =
-      typeof queryContext.seriesData === 'object'
-        ? JSON.stringify(queryContext.seriesData, null, 2)
-        : String(queryContext.seriesData);
-    contextParts.push(`Series data: ${seriesDataText}`);
-  }
 
   return contextParts.length
     ? `Query Context:
@@ -170,19 +141,17 @@ export interface SQLPromptVariables {
   refIds: string;
   currentQuery: string;
   queryInstruction: string;
-  schemas?: unknown; // Reserved for future schema implementation
+  formattedSchemas?: string;
   errorContext?: string[];
   queryContext?: QueryUsageContext;
 }
 
 /**
  * Generate the complete system prompt for SQL suggestions with enhanced context
- *
- * Note: Schema information integration is planned for future implementation
  */
 export const getSQLSuggestionSystemPrompt = (variables: SQLPromptVariables): string => {
   const queryContext = generateQueryContext(variables.queryContext);
-  const schemaInfo = ''; // Placeholder for future schema information
+  const schemaInfo = variables.formattedSchemas ?? 'No schema information available.';
   const errorContext = variables.errorContext?.length
     ? variables.errorContext.join('\n')
     : 'No current errors detected.';
@@ -200,8 +169,7 @@ export const getSQLSuggestionSystemPrompt = (variables: SQLPromptVariables): str
  */
 export const getSQLExplanationSystemPrompt = (variables: Omit<SQLPromptVariables, 'queryInstruction'>): string => {
   const queryContext = generateQueryContext(variables.queryContext);
-
-  const schemaInfo = ''; // Placeholder for future schema information
+  const schemaInfo = variables.formattedSchemas ?? 'No schema information available.';
 
   return SQL_EXPLANATION_SYSTEM_PROMPT.replaceAll(TEMPLATE_PLACEHOLDERS.refIds, variables.refIds)
     .replaceAll(TEMPLATE_PLACEHOLDERS.schemaInfo, schemaInfo)

public/app/features/expressions/components/SqlExpressions/GenAI/utils/formatSchemas.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+import { SQLSchemasResponse } from '../../hooks/useSQLSchemas';
+
+import { formatSchemasForPrompt } from './formatSchemas';
+
+describe('formatSchemasForPrompt', () => {
+  const createSchemaResponse = (sqlSchemas: SQLSchemasResponse['sqlSchemas']): SQLSchemasResponse => ({
+    kind: 'SQLSchemaResponse',
+    apiVersion: 'query.grafana.app/v0alpha1',
+    sqlSchemas,
+  });
+
+  it('returns fallback message for null/undefined/empty schemas', () => {
+    expect(formatSchemasForPrompt(null)).toBe('No schema information available.');
+    expect(formatSchemasForPrompt(undefined)).toBe('No schema information available.');
+    expect(formatSchemasForPrompt(createSchemaResponse({}))).toBe('No schema information available.');
+  });
+
+  it('includes schema errors instead of silently failing', () => {
+    const schemas = createSchemaResponse({
+      A: {
+        columns: null,
+        sampleRows: null,
+        error: 'Connection timeout',
+      },
+    });
+
+    const result = formatSchemasForPrompt(schemas);
+
+    expect(result).toBe('RefID A: Error - Connection timeout');
+  });
+
+  it('truncates columns beyond default limit to prevent token overflow', () => {
+    const maxColumns = 10; // Default limit
+    const totalColumns = 15;
+    const columns = Array.from({ length: totalColumns }, (_, i) => ({
+      name: `column_${i + 1}`,
+      mysqlType: 'VARCHAR',
+      dataFrameFieldType: 'string',
+      nullable: false,
+    }));
+
+    const schemas = createSchemaResponse({
+      A: {
+        columns,
+        sampleRows: null,
+        error: undefined,
+      },
+    });
+
+    const result = formatSchemasForPrompt(schemas);
+
+    // Should include columns up to limit
+    expect(result).toContain('column_1 (VARCHAR, not null)');
+    expect(result).toContain(`column_${maxColumns} (VARCHAR, not null)`);
+
+    // Should truncate columns beyond limit
+    expect(result).not.toContain(`column_${maxColumns + 1}`);
+    expect(result).toContain(`... and ${totalColumns - maxColumns} more columns`);
+  });
+
+  it('formats multiple RefIDs with proper separation', () => {
+    const schemas = createSchemaResponse({
+      A: {
+        columns: [{ name: 'time', mysqlType: 'TIMESTAMP', dataFrameFieldType: 'time', nullable: false }],
+        sampleRows: [[1234567890]],
+        error: undefined,
+      },
+      B: {
+        columns: [{ name: 'value', mysqlType: 'FLOAT', dataFrameFieldType: 'number', nullable: true }],
+        sampleRows: [[42.5]],
+        error: undefined,
+      },
+      C: {
+        columns: [{ name: 'label', mysqlType: 'VARCHAR', dataFrameFieldType: 'string', nullable: false }],
+        sampleRows: [['production']],
+        error: undefined,
+      },
+    });
+
+    const result = formatSchemasForPrompt(schemas);
+
+    expect(result).toContain('RefID A:');
+    expect(result).toContain('time (TIMESTAMP, not null)');
+    expect(result).toContain('RefID B:');
+    expect(result).toContain('value (FLOAT, nullable)');
+    expect(result).toContain('RefID C:');
+    expect(result).toContain('label (VARCHAR, not null)');
+    expect(result.split('\n\n').length).toBe(3);
+  });
+});

public/app/features/expressions/components/SqlExpressions/GenAI/utils/formatSchemas.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+import { SQLSchemasResponse, SQLSchemaField } from '../../hooks/useSQLSchemas';
+
+const DEFAULT_MAX_COLUMNS = 10;
+
+/**
+ * Format schemas into a readable string for LLM context with token budget management
+ *
+ * This function converts SQL schema information into a human-readable format suitable
+ * for LLM prompts. It includes column names, types, nullability, and sample data.
+ *
+ * Token budget management:
+ * - Limits columns per RefID to prevent excessive token usage
+ * - Respects original column order from schema
+ * - Provides summary for truncated columns
+ *
+ * @param schemas - The SQL schemas response from the API
+ * @param maxColumnsPerRefId - Maximum number of columns to include per RefID (default: 10)
+ * @returns A formatted string representation of the schemas
+ */
+export const formatSchemasForPrompt = (
+  schemas?: SQLSchemasResponse | null,
+  maxColumnsPerRefId = DEFAULT_MAX_COLUMNS
+): string => {
+  if (!schemas?.sqlSchemas || Object.keys(schemas.sqlSchemas).length === 0) {
+    return 'No schema information available.';
+  }
+
+  const schemaParts: string[] = [];
+
+  for (const [refId, schemaData] of Object.entries(schemas.sqlSchemas)) {
+    if (schemaData.error) {
+      schemaParts.push(`RefID ${refId}: Error - ${schemaData.error}`);
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (!schemaData.columns || schemaData.columns.length === 0) {
+      schemaParts.push(`RefID ${refId}: No columns available`);
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    const columnsToShow = schemaData.columns.slice(0, maxColumnsPerRefId);
+    const remainingCount = schemaData.columns.length - columnsToShow.length;
+
+    const columnDescriptions = columnsToShow.map(({ nullable, name, mysqlType }: SQLSchemaField) => {
+      const isNullable = nullable ? 'nullable' : 'not null';
+      return `  - ${name} (${mysqlType}, ${isNullable})`;
+    });
+
+    // Add truncation notice if we hit the limit
+    if (remainingCount > 0) {
+      columnDescriptions.push(`  ... and ${remainingCount} more column${remainingCount > 1 ? 's' : ''}`);
+    }
+
+    // Build schema text parts
+    const textParts = [`RefID ${refId}:`, columnDescriptions.join('\n')];
+
+    // Add sample data if available (first row only)
+    if (schemaData.sampleRows && schemaData.sampleRows.length > 0) {
+      const sampleRow = schemaData.sampleRows[0];
+      const sampleValues = columnsToShow
+        .map(({ name }: SQLSchemaField, idx: number) => `${name}=${JSON.stringify(sampleRow[idx])}`)
+        .join(', ');
+      textParts.push(`  Sample: ${sampleValues}`);
+    }
+
+    schemaParts.push(textParts.join('\n'));
+  }
+
+  return schemaParts.join('\n\n');
+};

public/app/features/expressions/components/SqlExpressions/SqlExpr.tsx

@@ -121,7 +121,6 @@ LIMIT
     refetch: refetchSchemas,
   } = useSQLSchemas({
     queries,
-    enabled: isSchemaInspectorOpen,
     timeRange: metadata?.range,
   });
 
@@ -129,7 +128,6 @@ LIMIT
     () => ({
       alerting,
       panelId: metadata?.data?.request?.panelPluginId,
-      queries: metadata?.queries,
       dashboardContext: {
         dashboardTitle: metadata?.data?.request?.dashboardTitle ?? '',
         panelName: metadata?.data?.request?.panelName ?? '',
@@ -140,7 +138,6 @@ LIMIT
         ? metadata?.data?.request?.endTime - metadata?.data?.request?.startTime
         : -1,
       numberOfQueries: metadata?.data?.request?.targets?.length ?? 0,
-      seriesData: metadata?.data?.series,
     }),
     [alerting, metadata]
   );
@@ -276,7 +273,7 @@ LIMIT
               onExplain={handleExplain}
               queryContext={queryContext}
               refIds={vars}
-              // schemas={schemas} // Will be added when schema extraction is implemented
+              schemas={schemas}
             />
           )}
         </Suspense>
@@ -288,8 +285,8 @@ LIMIT
             onHistoryUpdate={handleHistoryUpdate}
             queryContext={queryContext}
             refIds={vars}
-            errorContext={errorContext} // Will be added when error tracking is implemented
-            // schemas={schemas} // Will be added when schema extraction is implemented
+            errorContext={errorContext}
+            schemas={schemas}
           />
         </Suspense>
       </Stack>

public/app/features/expressions/components/SqlExpressions/hooks/useSQLSchemas.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+import { renderHook, waitFor } from '@testing-library/react';
+import { testWithFeatureToggles } from 'test/test-utils';
+
+import { useSQLSchemas, SQLSchemasResponse } from './useSQLSchemas';
+
+jest.mock('@grafana/runtime', () => ({
+  ...jest.requireActual('@grafana/runtime'),
+  getBackendSrv: jest.fn(),
+}));
+
+jest.mock('@grafana/api-clients', () => ({
+  getAPINamespace: jest.fn(() => 'default'),
+}));
+
+jest.mock('@grafana/data', () => ({
+  ...jest.requireActual('@grafana/data'),
+  getDefaultTimeRange: jest.fn(() => ({
+    from: { toISOString: () => '2024-01-01T00:00:00.000Z' },
+    to: { toISOString: () => '2024-01-01T23:59:59.999Z' },
+  })),
+}));
+
+describe('useSQLSchemas', () => {
+  testWithFeatureToggles({ enable: ['queryService'] });
+
+  beforeEach(() => jest.clearAllMocks());
+
+  const mockQueries = [
+    {
+      refId: 'A',
+      datasource: { type: 'prometheus', uid: 'prom-uid' },
+    },
+  ];
+
+  const mockSchemasResponse: SQLSchemasResponse = {
+    kind: 'SQLSchemaResponse',
+    apiVersion: 'query.grafana.app/v0alpha1',
+    sqlSchemas: {
+      A: {
+        columns: [
+          { name: 'time', mysqlType: 'TIMESTAMP', dataFrameFieldType: 'time', nullable: false },
+          { name: 'value', mysqlType: 'FLOAT', dataFrameFieldType: 'number', nullable: true },
+        ],
+        sampleRows: [[1234567890, 42.5]],
+        error: undefined,
+      },
+    },
+  };
+
+  const setupMockBackendSrv = (mockImplementation: jest.Mock) => {
+    const { getBackendSrv } = require('@grafana/runtime');
+    getBackendSrv.mockReturnValue({ post: mockImplementation });
+    return mockImplementation;
+  };
+
+  it('fetches schemas successfully and updates state', async () => {
+    // Arrange
+    const mockPost = setupMockBackendSrv(jest.fn().mockResolvedValue(mockSchemasResponse));
+
+    // Act - Render the hook
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useSQLSchemas({ queries: mockQueries }));
+
+    // Assert - Initial state
+    expect(result.current.loading).toBe(true);
+    expect(result.current.schemas).toBe(null);
+    expect(result.current.error).toBe(null);
+
+    // Wait for async fetch to complete
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.loading).toBe(false));
+
+    // Assert - Final state
+    expect(result.current.schemas).toEqual(mockSchemasResponse);
+    expect(result.current.schemas?.sqlSchemas.A.columns).toHaveLength(2);
+    expect(result.current.schemas?.sqlSchemas.A.columns?.[0].name).toBe('time');
+    expect(result.current.error).toBe(null);
+
+    // Verify API was called correctly
+    expect(mockPost).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      '/apis/query.grafana.app/v0alpha1/namespaces/default/sqlschemas/name',
+      expect.objectContaining({
+        queries: mockQueries,
+        from: '2024-01-01T00:00:00.000Z',
+        to: '2024-01-01T23:59:59.999Z',
+      })
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('handles API errors gracefully without crashing', async () => {
+    // Arrange
+    const mockError = new Error('Network error');
+    setupMockBackendSrv(jest.fn().mockRejectedValue(mockError));
+
+    // Act
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useSQLSchemas({ queries: mockQueries }));
+
+    // Wait for error to be set
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.loading).toBe(false));
+
+    // Assert - Error state is set, no crash
+    expect(result.current.error).toEqual(mockError);
+    expect(result.current.schemas).toBe(null);
+    expect(result.current.loading).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  describe('when feature flag is disabled', () => {
+    testWithFeatureToggles({ disable: ['queryService', 'grafanaAPIServerWithExperimentalAPIs'] });
+
+    it('does not fetch schemas', async () => {
+      // Arrange
+      setupMockBackendSrv(jest.fn());
+
+      // Act
+      const { result } = renderHook(() => useSQLSchemas({ queries: mockQueries }));
+
+      // Assert - No API call, feature disabled
+      expect(result.current.isFeatureEnabled).toBe(false);
+      expect(result.current.loading).toBe(false);
+      expect(result.current.schemas).toBe(null);
+    });
+  });
+
+  it('returns empty schemas for empty queries array without calling API', async () => {
+    // Arrange
+    const mockPost = setupMockBackendSrv(jest.fn());
+
+    // Act - Empty queries array
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useSQLSchemas({ queries: [] }));
+
+    // Wait for state to settle
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.loading).toBe(false));
+
+    // Assert - Returns empty schemas, no API call
+    expect(result.current.schemas).toEqual({
+      kind: 'SQLSchemaResponse',
+      apiVersion: 'query.grafana.app/v0alpha1',
+      sqlSchemas: {},
+    });
+    expect(result.current.error).toBe(null);
+    expect(mockPost).not.toHaveBeenCalled(); // No API call for empty queries
+  });
+});

public/app/features/expressions/components/SqlExpressions/hooks/useSQLSchemas.ts

@@ -28,11 +28,10 @@ export interface SQLSchemasResponse {
 
 interface UseSQLSchemasOptions {
   queries?: DataQuery[];
-  enabled: boolean;
   timeRange?: TimeRange;
 }
 
-export function useSQLSchemas({ queries, enabled, timeRange }: UseSQLSchemasOptions) {
+export function useSQLSchemas({ queries, timeRange }: UseSQLSchemasOptions) {
   const isFeatureEnabled = useMemo(
     () => config.featureToggles.queryService || config.featureToggles.grafanaAPIServerWithExperimentalAPIs || false,
     []
@@ -40,7 +39,7 @@ export function useSQLSchemas({ queries, enabled, timeRange }: UseSQLSchemasOpti
 
   // Start with loading=true if we're going to fetch on mount
   const [schemas, setSchemas] = useState<SQLSchemasResponse | null>(null);
-  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(enabled && isFeatureEnabled && Boolean(queries));
+  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(isFeatureEnabled && Boolean(queries));
   const [error, setError] = useState<Error | null>(null);
 
   // Store queries in ref so we can access current value without triggering effect
@@ -48,7 +47,7 @@ export function useSQLSchemas({ queries, enabled, timeRange }: UseSQLSchemasOpti
   queriesRef.current = queries;
 
   const fetchSchemas = useCallback(async () => {
-    if (!enabled || !isFeatureEnabled) {
+    if (!isFeatureEnabled) {
       return;
     }
 
@@ -85,7 +84,7 @@ export function useSQLSchemas({ queries, enabled, timeRange }: UseSQLSchemasOpti
     } finally {
       setLoading(false);
     }
-  }, [enabled, isFeatureEnabled, timeRange]);
+  }, [isFeatureEnabled, timeRange]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     fetchSchemas();